For a civil engineer checking the quality of the raw materials used in the construction of your home in Pakistan is a simple task. But how are you to know if the quality is good or what practices do the engineers do to test the quality?
It is quite simple, all you need is a bit of information online to tell you about the basics.
Raw Materials
- Water
- Earth
- Bricks
- Fine Sand
- Cement
- Coarse Aggregate
- Fine Aggregate
- Glazed Tiles
- Marble Chips
- Steel
Water:
Water is an important part amongst the most significant components in construction however individuals still disregard quality part of this component. The water is needed for planning of mortar, blending of concrete cement and for curing work and so forth throughout development work. The quality and amount of water has much impact on the quality of mortar and bond cement in construction.
Nature of Water
The water utilized for blending and curing ought to be clean and free from damaging amounts of salts, harsh corrosive, oils, salt, sugar, natural materials, vegetable development and different substances that may be injurious to blocks, stone, cement or steel. Consumable water is for the most part recognized tasteful for blending. The ph quality of water ought to be at least 6.
Testing:
The testing can be done at the lab and it will show you everything that you need to know. You can also have it checked by the engineer or the architect.
Earth:
Earth has to be free from stumps, roots, grass, blocks, and substantial bits of stones since these objects irritate legitimate compaction of soil physically or mechanically. Consideration has to be taken that the earth is free from “Kallar” and antacid materials. Earthen works ought to be laid in 20 cm layer or according to the plan. All lumps should be broken down by the Hand Hammer and should be beaten until compacted.
Following are the precautionary measures you should be taking
(a) All debris should be cleared around the foundation, drain trenches and brick areas.
(b) Every layer has to be watered, compacted and consolidated.
(c) The ground should be rammed with a hand hammer and a crow bar should be used in places it cannot reach.
Bricks:
There are various types of bricks available and you can refer to our article on Bricks for that.
Sand:
Fine sand might as well comprise of characteristic sand or pulverized stone sand. It ought to be hard, strong, clean and be free from natural matter etc.fine Sand ought not hold any considerable measure of mud balls and unsafe debasements, for example salts, salts, coal, rotted vegetation and so forth. The sediment substance ought not to surpass 4%.
Grouping of Sand
Grouping of sand is given underneath.
1. Fine sand = 0.075 to O.425 MM
2. Medium sand = 0.425 to 2 MM
3. Coarse Sand = 2.0 to 4.75 MM
Different Types of Sand
There are taking after three sorts of sand.
1. Pit Sand 2. Waterway Sand 3. Ocean Sand
Coarse Aggregate
Coarse Aggregate comprises of regular happening stones (pounded, uncrushed or broken). It ought to be hard, solid, thick, sturdy, and clean. It must be free from veins, disciple coatings and harmful measures of deteriorated pieces, antacid, vegetable matter and different malicious substances. It has to be harshly cubically fit as a fiddle. Flaky pieces ought to be kept away from.
Following are some of the properties of the coarse aggregate
The coarse total is clean, hard, non-permeable, free from pieces of mud and vegetable matter.
1. The coarse total is clean, hard, non-permeable, and free from pieces of mud and vegetable matter.
2. Water osmosis of total is not more than 10 % of its weight 24 hours later submersion in water.
3. Intersecting and harshly cubicle particles are perfect. Waterway rock make the best coarse total.
4. Total is artificially idle material.
5. Block total is not utilized as a part of RCC work.
Fine Aggregate
Fine total/ coarse sand comprises of characteristic sand, smashed stone sand or squashed rock stone dust. It ought to be hard, strong artificially latent, clean and free from natural matter, not holding any calculable measure of earth balls or pellets and other unsafe debasements i. e. soluble, salt, mica, rotted vegetation, irregularities and so forth.
It ought to be passed through I. S. Strainer 4.75 MM. It may as well have the finest modulus 2.50 to 3.50 and residue substance should not be more than 4%. Coarse sand ought to be either stream sand or pit sand; or fusion of the two.
These are some of the ways where you can actually see the quality and standard of the raw materials used. You need to read up on information like this to keep in the loop of construction being done by AmerAdnan Associates.